Friedrich Nietzsche, one of the most influential philosophers of the 19th century, introduced the concept of the “transvaluation of all values” (Umwertung aller Werte) as a central tenet of his philosophical project. This radical idea represents Nietzsche’s attempt to challenge and ultimately overturn traditional moral frameworks, particularly those rooted in Judeo-Christian ethics and Enlightenment rationalism.

At its core, the transvaluation of all values is Nietzsche’s call for a fundamental reevaluation of the moral, ethical, and cultural foundations of