Trauma bonding is a complex psychological phenomenon that keeps victims tethered to their narcissistic abusers, often leaving friends, family, and even the victims themselves perplexed about why they stay. This powerful emotional attachment forms in the crucible of intermittent reinforcement, where moments of tenderness are interspersed with periods of abuse and neglect.
Trauma bonding is forged in the fires of intermittent reinforcement, where moments of tenderness are strategically interwoven with periods of abuse and neglect. This emotional rollercoaster
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